{"id":1004,"date":"2026-10-24T22:54:27","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T14:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yuannaitube.com\/fep-vs-pfa-tubing-selection\/"},"modified":"2026-11-03T14:13:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T06:13:47","slug":"lua-chon-ong-fep-so-voi-ong-pfa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yuannaitube.com\/vi\/fep-vs-pfa-tubing-selection\/","title":{"rendered":"So s\u00e1nh \u1ed1ng FEP v\u00e0 PFA: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd u\u1ed1n cong"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nhanh: N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn \u1ed1ng FEP hay PFA? (FEP so v\u1edbi PFA \/ PFA so v\u1edbi FEP)<\/h2>\n

So s\u00e1nh So s\u00e1nh \u1ed1ng FEP v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng PFA<\/strong> theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. B\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a YN-FEP li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb -196\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +200\u00b0C, c\u00f2n YN-PFA li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y t\u1eeb -200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +260\u00b0C. C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng nhau \u1edf 23\u00b0C, trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hai d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p \u1ed1ng trong su\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quang h\u1ecdc, b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch cao, vui l\u00f2ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e8m theo c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh: Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa FEP v\u00e0 PFA<\/h2>\n

B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i do c\u00f4ng ty cung c\u1ea5p. Th\u00f4ng tin chung v\u1ec1 nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ri\u00eang trong m\u1ee5c \u201cNgu\u1ed3n\u201d.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/th>\n\u1ed0ng YN-FEP<\/th>\n\u1ed0ng YN-PFA<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/td>\n-196\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +200\u00b0C<\/td>\n-200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +260\u00b0C<\/td>\nH\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u00e1p su\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf 23\u00b0C<\/td>\n6\u201320 bar \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/td>\n6\u201320 bar \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/td>\nC\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n13\u2013160 mm, t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n14\u2013128 mm, t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\nH\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ecdi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ngo\u1ea1i quan \/ m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao, xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf trong su\u1ed1t<\/td>\nTrong su\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 quang h\u1ecdc (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ghi trong b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p<\/td>\n55 \u00b1 5 Shore D<\/td>\n60 Shore D<\/td>\nXem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bao b\u00ec ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\nB\u1ecdc m\u00e0ng co gi\u00e3n<\/td>\nB\u1ecdc m\u00e0ng co gi\u00e3n<\/td>\nVui l\u00f2ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

So s\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt theo t\u1eebng m\u1eabu (YN-FEP so v\u1edbi YN-PFA)<\/h2>\n

Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i (OD) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong (ID) danh ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 23\u00b0C; c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng m\u1eabu \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb bar\/psi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u1eabu \/ k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a<\/th>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i \u00d7 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong (mm)<\/th>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh (mm)<\/th>\n\u00c1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a FEP<\/th>\nB\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a FEP<\/th>\n\u00c1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c PFA<\/th>\nB\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n PFA<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
YN-FEP 0425 \/ YN-PFA 0425<\/td>\n4.0 \u00d7 2.5<\/td>\n0.75<\/td>\n16 bar (224 psi)<\/td>\n25 mm<\/td>\n16 bar (224 psi)<\/td>\n30 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 0640 \/ YN-PFA 0640<\/td>\n6.0 \u00d7 4.0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n17 bar (238 psi)<\/td>\n40 mm<\/td>\n17 bar (238 psi)<\/td>\n36 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 0850 \/ YN-PFA 0850<\/td>\n8.0 \u00d7 5.0<\/td>\n1.5<\/td>\n20 bar (280 psi)<\/td>\n60 mm<\/td>\n20 bar (280 psi)<\/td>\n50 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 0855 \/ YN-PFA 0855<\/td>\n8.0 \u00d7 5.5<\/td>\n1.25<\/td>\n20 bar (280 psi)<\/td>\n65 mm<\/td>\n20 bar (280 psi)<\/td>\n55 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 0860 \/ YN-PFA 0860<\/td>\n8.0 \u00d7 6.0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n13 bar (182 psi)<\/td>\n70 mm<\/td>\n13 bar (182 psi)<\/td>\n64 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP1065 \/ YN-PFA1065<\/td>\n10.0 \u00d7 6.5<\/td>\n1.75<\/td>\n19 bar (270 psi)<\/td>\n80 mm<\/td>\n19 bar (270 psi)<\/td>\n80 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 1080 \/ YN-PFA 1080<\/td>\n10.0 \u00d7 8.0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n14 bar (196 psi)<\/td>\n110 mm<\/td>\n14 bar (196 psi)<\/td>\n88 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 1280 \/ YN-PFA 1280<\/td>\n12.0 \u00d7 8.0<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n18 bar (261 psi)<\/td>\n100 mm<\/td>\n18 bar (261 psi)<\/td>\n72 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 1410 \/ YN-PFA 1410<\/td>\n14.0 \u00d7 10.0<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n12 bar (168 psi)<\/td>\n120 mm<\/td>\n12 bar (168 psi)<\/td>\n98 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
YN-FEP 1612 \/ YN-PFA 1612<\/td>\n16.0 \u00d7 12.0<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n10 bar (145 psi)<\/td>\n160 mm<\/td>\n10 bar (87 psi)<\/td>\n128 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1\/8\u2033<\/td>\n3.175 \u00d7 1.58<\/td>\n0.797<\/td>\n16 bar (232 psi)<\/td>\n13 mm<\/td>\n16 bar (232 psi)<\/td>\n14 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1\/4\u2033<\/td>\n6.350 \u00d7 4.35<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n10 bar (145 psi)<\/td>\n50 mm<\/td>\n10 bar (145 psi)<\/td>\n37 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3\/8\u2033<\/td>\n9.525 \u00d7 6.35<\/td>\n1.588<\/td>\n10 bar (145 psi)<\/td>\n26 mm<\/td>\n10 bar (145 psi)<\/td>\n40 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1\/2\u2033<\/td>\n12.70 \u00d7 9.60<\/td>\n1.55<\/td>\n6 bar (87 psi)<\/td>\n130 mm<\/td>\n6 bar (87 psi)<\/td>\n100 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 B\u1ea3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t - nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/a>. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 23\u00b0C v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

1. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

B\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt YN-FEP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ghi r\u00f5 ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -196\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +200\u00b0C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 260\u00b0C. B\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt YN-PFA ghi r\u00f5 ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +260\u00b0C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 300\u2013310\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c si\u00eau l\u1ea1nh, c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n qua tia UV<\/h2>\n
\n \"\u1ea2nh
H\u00ecnh 1: \u1ea2nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1ed1ng FEP. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 hai d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao; FEP c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0u xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf trong su\u1ed1t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean m\u1eabu th\u1eed \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia UV ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n qua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 th\u00f4i nhi\u1ec5m kim lo\u1ea1i vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/h2>\n
\n \"Thi\u1ebft
H\u00ecnh 2: H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00e1n d\u1eabn cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Vui l\u00f2ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ki\u1ec3m tra cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u1ed0ng PFA c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao<\/strong> d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ion\/kim lo\u1ea1i, TOC, quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. R\u00e0 so\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n SEMI F57 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c, vui l\u00f2ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3 trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ea3n quy c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

4. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u1ecfi do u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng PFA<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u0129nh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, s\u1ed1 chu k\u1ef3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i loe ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i si\u1ebft n\u00e9n, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed1i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m \u1ed1ng m\u1eabu trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

5. Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n